What is a brushless geared motor?

A brushless DC motor is composed of a motor and a driver, and is a typical mechatronic product.

The brushless DC motor operates in a self-controlled manner, so it does not add an additional starting winding to the rotor like a synchronous motor that starts under heavy load under variable frequency speed regulation, and does not produce oscillation and out of step when the load changes suddenly.

Structurally, both brushless motors and brushed motors have rotors and stators, but the structure of brushed motors is opposite; the rotor of brushed motors is a coil winding, connected to the power output shaft, and the stator is permanent magnet steel; brushless The rotor of the motor is a permanent magnetic steel, which is connected to the output shaft together with the casing. The stator is a winding coil. The commutation brush used to alternately change the electromagnetic field of the brushed motor is removed, so it is called a brushless motor. Then there is a problem now, without the transformation of the electromagnetic field, how to make the brushless motor rotate?

Simply put, by changing the alternating frequency and waveform of the current wave input to the stator coil of the brushless motor, a magnetic field rotating around the geometric axis of the motor is formed around the winding coil, which drives the permanent magnet on the rotor to rotate. The motor starts to rotate. The performance of the motor is related to factors such as the number of magnets, the magnetic flux strength of the magnets, and the input voltage of the motor. It also has a lot to do with the control performance of the brushless motor, because the input is DC, and the current requires electronic The speed governor turns it into 3-phase AC, and it also needs to receive control signals from the remote control receiver to control the speed of the motor to meet the needs of the model. Generally speaking, the structure of the brushless motor is relatively simple, and it is the brushless electronic speed controller that really determines its performance. A good electronic speed controller needs to have the process of single-chip control program design, circuit design, complex processing technology, etc. The overall control, so the price is much higher than the brush motor.

Comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of brushless geared motors and brushed geared motors:

1. Brushless, low interference

The brushless motor removes the brush, and the most direct change is that there is no electric spark generated when the brushed motor is running, which greatly reduces the interference of electric sparks on remote control radio equipment.

2. Low noise and smooth operation

There are no brushes in the brushless motor, the friction force is greatly reduced during operation, the operation is smooth, and the noise will be much lower. This advantage is a huge support for the stability of the product.

3. Low maintenance cost

Without the brush, the wear of the brushless motor is mainly on the bearing. From a mechanical point of view, the brushless motor is almost a maintenance-free motor. When necessary, only some dust removal maintenance is required.

4. Service life

The service life of brushless motors is usually on the order of tens of thousands of hours, but the service life of brushless motors is also very different due to different bearings. The continuous working life of the carbon brush motor is several hundred to more than 1,000 hours. When the limit of use is reached, the carbon brush needs to be replaced, otherwise it will easily cause the wear of the bearing.

5. Use effect

Brushless motors are usually controlled by digital frequency conversion with strong controllability. It can be easily realized from a few revolutions per minute to tens of thousands of revolutions per minute. The old carbon brush motor generally works at a constant speed after starting, and the speed regulation is not very easy. The series motor can also reach 20,000 rpm, but the service life will be relatively short.

6. Energy saving:

Relatively speaking, brushless motors controlled by frequency conversion technology will save a lot of energy than series motors. The most typical ones are frequency conversion air conditioners and refrigerators.

7. Scope of application:

Brushless motors are usually used in equipment with relatively high control requirements and relatively high speed, such as aircraft models, precision instruments, robots, medical equipment, etc., which have strict control of motor speed and high speed.

Carbon brush motors usually use brush motors in power equipment, such as hair dryers, factory motors, household range hoods, etc. In addition, the speed of series motors can also reach very high, but due to the wear and tear of carbon brushes, the service life Not as good as a brushless motor.

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